![]() ![]() Font and capitalisation must match that in the reference list.If the author's name is not mentioned in the sentence, cite both the name and the page number.If the author's name is mentioned in the sentence, only cite the page number.8th ed., Modern Language Association of America, 2016. Instructions and examples in this MLA guide are based on more detailed information in: These citations correspond to the full references in the list of works cited at the end of the document. The citations in-text are very brief, usually just the author's family name and a relevant page number. The MLA system uses in-text citations rather than footnotes or endnotes. University course materials / Theses / Exegeses.Government and Organisation Publications.Conference papers, theses and university material.Websites, newspaper and magazine articles, social media.Appendices B & C - Quick guides to referencing articles in-text citations.Appendix A - Figure and table captions music notations.Abbreviations and symbols used in referencing.Speeches/Broadcasts/Audiovisual/Music scores/Interviews.While they can be scary to create your first time, footnotes serve a unique purpose in keeping your writing clear and concise. Using Footnotes in MLA or APAįootnotes are a great tool for helping to clarify thoughts in a paper or get rid of confusion caused by overly long bibliographical citations. Additionally, footnotes are set off with superscript numbers and found at the end of the page, while bibliographies and references are their own entity at the end of the entire research paper or essay. They can also provide further context that doesn’t fit in the body of the writing. Bibliographies and references offer full citations of the works that were used to create the different arguments and concepts in the text.įootnotes, on the other hand, provide bibliographical information in tricky situations. However, the information you’ll find in each is different. Bibliography or Referencesīibliographies, references, and footnotes all work to relay information about the text. ![]() This is where you can list all your notes. Place your endnotes after the reference list on a separate page with its own title: Endnotes. When you write footnotes, you can choose to format them at the bottom of the page (footnotes) or on a separate page at the end of the paper (endnotes). Where to Place APA Footnotes and Endnotes Reprinted with permission.Įxample: 2 From the chapter “Theories of Photojournalism” W. Author, Publication Date, Title of Work, Vol., Page Number. However, in some cases, it’ll make the most sense to have the superscript number in the middle of a sentence.įormat: 2 From the chapter “Chapter Name” A. It should come after punctuation or quotes. Try to place this at the end of a sentence. How to Create an MLA Parenthetical Footnote Citationĭenoting a footnote in MLA style requires a number in superscript. View these MLA footnote examples to create a bibliographic and parenthetical citation. When it comes to MLA footnotes, it is all about style.
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